Strangers in the Land
Strangers in the Land
Not all Foreigners are Equal in the Torah
גור (GuR) = dwell
גר (GaR) = stranger, sojouner, dwellers
גרים (GaReym) = strangers
תושב (ThuShaB) = settler, dwell
נכרי (NaKaRey) = foreigner, who does not sojoun in the land
זר (ZaR) =
STRANGER IN THE LAND LAWS
Exodus שמות (ShuMuTh) 22:21
Thou shalt neither vex a stranger גר , nor oppress him: for ye were strangers גרים in the land of Egypt.
Exodus שמות (ShuMuTh) 23:9
Also thou shalt not oppress a stranger גר : for ye know the heart of a stranger גר, seeing ye were strangers גרים in the land of Egypt.
And whatsoever man there be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers גר that sojourn among you, that eateth any manner of blood; I will even set my face against that soul that eateth blood, and will cut him off from among his people.
ואיש איש מבית ישראל ומן הגר הגר בתוכם אשר יאכל כל דם ונתתי פני בנפש האכלת את הדם והכרתי אתה מקרב עמה׃
[33] And if a stranger גר sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall not vex him.
[34] But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers גרים in the land of Egypt: I am יהוה (Yahuah) your Alaheym.
44Both thy bondmen, and thy bondmaids, which thou shalt have, shall be of the heathen that are round about you; of them shall ye buy bondmen and bondmaids.
[45] Moreover of the children of the strangers תושבים that do sojourn הגרים among you, of them shall ye buy, and of their families that are with you, which they begat in your land: and they shall be your possession.
[46] And ye shall take them as an inheritance for your children after you, to inherit them for a possession; they shall be your bondmen for ever: but over your brethren the children of Israel, ye shall not rule one over another with rigour.
Numbers במדבר (Ba’Ma-DaBaR) 15:15-16,29-31
[15] One ordinance shall be both for you of the congregation, and also for the stranger גר that sojourneth with you, an ordinance for ever in your generations: as ye are, so shall the stranger be before יהוה (Yahuah).
[16] One law and one manner shall be for you, and for the stranger גר that sojourneth with you.
[29] Ye shall have one law for him that sinneth through ignorance, both for him that is born among the children of Israel, and for the stranger גר that sojourneth among them.
[30] But the soul that doeth ought presumptuously, whether he be born in the land, or a stranger גר , the same reproacheth יהוה (Yahuah); and that soul shall be cut off from among his people.
[31] Because he hath despised the word of יהוה (Yahuah), and hath broken his commandment, that soul shall utterly be cut off; his iniquity shall be upon him.
[3] An Ammonite or Moabite shall not enter into the congregation of יהוה (Yahuah); even to their tenth generation shall they not enter into the congregation of יהוה (Yahuah) for ever:
[4] Because they met you not with bread and with water in the way, when ye came forth out of Egypt; and because they hired against thee Balaam the son of Beor of Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse thee.
[5] Nevertheless יהוה (Yahuah) your Alaheym would not hearken unto Balaam; but יהוה (Yahuah) your Alaheym turned the curse into a blessing unto thee, because יהוה (Yahuah) your Alaheym loved thee.
[6] Thou shalt not seek their peace nor their prosperity all thy days for ever.
[7] Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite; for he is thy brother: thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian; because thou wast a stranger גר in his land.
[8] The children that are begotten of them shall enter into the congregation of יהוה (Yahuah) in their third generation.
3לא יבא עמוני ומואבי בקהל יהוה גם דור עשירי לא יבא להם בקהל יהוה עד עולם׃
4על דבר אשר לא קדמו אתכם בלחם ובמים בדרך בצאתכם ממצרים ואשר שכר עליך את בלעם בן בעור מפתור ארם נהרים לקללך׃
5ולא אבה יהוה אלהיך לשמע אל בלעם ויהפך יהוה אלהיך לך את הקללה לברכה כי אהבך יהוה אלהיך׃
6לא תדרש שלמם וטבתם כל ימיך לעולם׃
[19] Cursed be he that perverteth the judgment of the stranger גר , fatherless, and widow. And all the people shall say, Amen.
Ye shall have one manner of law, as well for the stranger גר , as for one of your own country: for I am יהוה (Yahuah) your Alaheym.
Prophets also said…
Jeremiah ירמיה (YeRaMe’YaH) 22:3
Thus saith יהוה (Yahuah); Execute ye judgment and righteousness, and deliver the spoiled out of the hand of the oppressor: and do no wrong, do no violence to the stranger גר , the fatherless, nor the widow, neither shed innocent blood in this place.
כה אמר יהוה עשו משפט וצדקה והצילו גזול מיד עשוק וגר יתום ואלמנה אל תנו אל תחמסו ודם נקי אל תשפכו במקום הזה׃
זר (ZaR)
[10] There shall no stranger זר eat of the holy thing: a sojourner תושב of the priest, or an hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.
[11] But if the priest buy any soul with his money, he shall eat of it, and he that is born in his house: they shall eat of his meat.
[12] If the priest’s daughter also be married unto a stranger זר, she may not eat of an offering of the holy things.
[13] But if the priest’s daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned unto her father’s house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father’s meat: but there shall no stranger זר eat thereof.
10וכל זר לא יאכל קדש תושב כהן ושכיר לא יאכל קדש׃
11וכהן כי יקנה נפש קנין כספו הוא יאכל בו ויליד ביתו הם יאכלו בלחמו׃
12ובת כהן כי תהיה לאיש זר הוא בתרומת הקדשים לא תאכל׃
13ובת כהן כי תהיה אלמנה וגרושה וזרע אין לה ושבה אל בית אביה כנעוריה מלחם אביה תאכל וכל זר לא יאכל בו׃
NaKaRey – Foreigner
[19] Thou shalt not lend upon usury to thy brother; usury of money, usury of victuals, usury of any thing that is lent upon usury:
[20] Unto a stranger נכרי thou mayest lend upon usury; but unto thy brother thou shalt not lend upon usury: that יהוה (Yahuah) your Alaheym may bless thee in all that thou settest thine hand to in the land whither thou goest to possess it.
Thou shalt in any wise set him king over thee, whom יהוה (Yahuah) your Alaheym shall choose: one from among thy brethren shalt thou set king over thee: thou mayest not set a stranger נכרי over thee, which is not thy brother.
15שום תשים עליך מלך אשר יבחר יהוה אלהיך בו מקרב אחיך תשים עליך מלך לא תוכל לתת עליך איש נכרי אשר לא אחיך הוא׃
[2] And this is the manner of the release: Every creditor that lendeth ought unto his neighbour shall release it;he shall not exact it of his neighbour, or of his brother; because it is called יהוה (Yahuah)’s release.
[3] Of a foreigner נכרי thou mayest exact it again: but that which is thine with thy brother thine hand shall release;
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